The Protection of Sovereignty Act 2026
Uploaded 5 June 2026
Plain-Language Summary
This law says that if you work for or get money from a foreigner (like a foreign government, company, or NGO) to do political or influencing work in Uganda, you must register with the government's security department. You cannot push foreign ideas that go against Uganda's own policies or try to mess with elections, government operations, or the economy. Big penalties—up to 10 years in prison or huge fines—for breaking the rules. Banks have to report money transfers to these registered agents. Some things are exempt, like regular business investments, family money, health or school projects, and church activities.
Controversial Clauses
Section 1 – Definition of 'agent of a foreigner'
The definition is extremely broad—it covers anyone who is 'financed or subsidised by a foreigner' even if they have no formal relationship. This could sweep in local NGOs, activists, and journalists who receive any foreign grant.
Section 1 – Definition of 'political activities'
Political activities include 'normalising ideologies which are inconsistent with the Constitution or which conflict with any culture, customs or norms' of listed communities. This could be used to suppress advocacy for LGBTQ+ rights, women's rights, or other social issues that clash with traditional values.
Section 10 – Prohibition of promotion of foreign policy
Bans anyone from promoting any foreign policy that Cabinet has not adopted as Government policy. This could criminalize public discussion of international human rights standards, climate agreements, or foreign development models.
Section 11 – Prohibition of interference with electoral processes
Prohibits 'any influence' from an agent of a foreigner on the will of the people. While the intent is to prevent foreign election meddling, the wording is vague and could be used to ban foreign-funded voter education or civic engagement campaigns.
Section 12 – Prohibition of interference with operations of Government
Makes it an offence to 'obstruct, impair, hinder or prevent' a public officer from performing their functions. This is broad enough to cover peaceful protests, strikes, or even public criticism that disrupts government work.
Section 13 – Prohibition of economic sabotage
Criminalizes publishing 'false information' that weakens the economy. This could be used to punish critics who accuse the government of mismanaging the economy, even if they believe the information is true.
Section 22 – Restrictions on funding (threshold and declaration)
Any foreign funding above 20,000 currency points (about 400 million UGX ≈ $108,000) within 12 months must be declared to the Minister. Failure carries heavy penalties. This gives the government significant oversight and potential to deny or delay funds.
Section 20 – Suspension and revocation of certificate (security threat ground)
The Minister can revoke a registration if the agent or its activities 'pose a security threat'. This is subjective and could be abused to silence dissenting voices.
Winners & Losers
Uganda Government (especially Ministry of Internal Affairs)
Gains extensive powers to monitor, register, and control any foreign-influenced political activity. Strengthens its ability to suppress opposition and criticism.
Local businesses and investors (not reliant on foreign funding)
Unlikely to be affected if they operate commercially and do not engage in political activities. Some may benefit from reduced competition from foreign-funded NGOs.
Foreign embassies and diplomats
Partially exempt under the Diplomatic Privileges Act, but their local staff and agents must register and could face restrictions. May hinder diplomatic activities.
Non-governmental organizations (NGOs) and civil society
Heavily impacted – must register, disclose funding sources, and can be shut down if perceived to promote 'foreign interests'. Many may be forced to cease operations or reduce advocacy work.
Opposition political parties and candidates
Cannot receive foreign funding or support for campaigns. May be accused of being agents of foreigners if they adopt positions similar to foreign policies.
Human rights defenders and journalists
At risk of prosecution under broad definitions of 'disruptive activities' and 'economic sabotage'. Foreign-funded reporting on government misconduct could be deemed illegal.
Faith-based organizations
Exempt for activities connected to their mission, but the exemption is vague. If they also engage in advocacy (e.g., on health or social justice), they may need to register.
Academic and research institutions
Exempt for research and innovation funding, but not for political advocacy. Scholars who engage in policy influencing could be caught.
Original Document
No original document uploaded — the bill text was entered directly.